William McKinley's policies focused on economic protectionism through high tariffs, establishing the gold standard, and expanding the United States' imperial influence. McKinley also sought national reconciliation between the North and South after the American Civil War, especially during the Spanish-American War.
Economy and tariffs
Industrial protection: McKinley was a strong advocate for high tariffs to protect American industries from foreign competition, as demonstrated by the Dingley Act of 1897. McKinley believed this protects workers and ensures high wages.
Gold standard: McKinley strongly supported the gold standard as the basic monetary system of the United States, providing economic stability.
Imperial expansion and foreign policy
Spanish-American War: McKinley led the nation into a short war against Spain in 1898, resulting in a quick American victory and U.S. control over Spanish colonies such as Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines.
Annexation of Hawaii: Hawaii was annexed to the United States during his presidency.
Open Door Policy: McKinley adopted an "Open Door" policy toward China, ensuring equal trade with China for all Western nations.
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